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ordeal 音标拼音: [ɔrd'il] n. 严酷的考验,痛苦的经验 严酷的考验,痛苦的经验 ordeal n 1: a severe or trying experience 2: a primitive method of determining a person' s guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence [ synonym: { ordeal}, { trial by ordeal}] Ordeal \ Or" de* al\ ([^ o] r" d[- e]* al), n. [ AS. ord[= a] l, ord[= ae] l, a judgment; akin to D. oordeel, G. urteil, urtheil; orig., what is dealt out, the prefix or- being akin to [= a]- compounded with verbs, G. er-, ur-, Goth. us-, orig. meaning, out. See { Deal}, v. & n., and cf. { Arise}, { Ort}.] 1. An ancient form of test to determine guilt or innocence, by appealing to a supernatural decision, -- once common in Europe, and still practiced in the East and by savage tribes. [ 1913 Webster] Note: In England ordeal by fire and ordeal by water were used, the former confined to persons of rank, the latter to the common people. The ordeal by fire was performed, either by handling red- hot iron, or by walking barefoot and blindfold over red- hot plowshares, laid at unequal distances. If the person escaped unhurt, he was adjudged innocent; otherwise he was condemned as guilty. The ordeal by water was performed, either by plunging the bare arm to the elbow in boiling water, an escape from injury being taken as proof of innocence, or by casting the accused person, bound hand and foot, into a river or pond, when if he floated it was an evidence of guilt, but if he sunk he was acquitted. It is probable that the proverbial phrase, to go through fire and water, denoting severe trial or danger, is derived from the ordeal. See { Wager of battle}, under { Wager}. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Any severe trial, or test; a painful experience. [ 1913 Webster] { Ordeal bean}. ( Bot.) See { Calabar bean}, under { Calabar}. { Ordeal root} ( Bot.) the root of a species of { Strychnos} growing in West Africa, used, like the ordeal bean, in trials for witchcraft. { Ordeal tree} ( Bot.), a poisonous tree of Madagascar ({ Tanghinia venenata} syn. { Cerbera venenata}). Persons suspected of crime are forced to eat the seeds of the plumlike fruit, and criminals are put to death by being pricked with a lance dipped in the juice of the seeds. [ 1913 Webster]
Ordeal \ Or" de* al\, a. Of or pertaining to trial by ordeal. [ 1913 Webster] 49 Moby Thesaurus words for " ordeal": Sabbat, acid test, adversity, affliction, anguish, assay, blank determination, brouillon, calvary, criterion, cross, crucial test, crucible, determination, disaster, distress, docimasy, essay, feeling out, fiery ordeal, first draft, ghost dance, grief, hardship, kiteflying, magic circle, misery, misfortune, nightmare, ordeal by battle, probation, proof, rough draft, rough sketch, sounding out, standard, suffering, test, test case, touchstone, tragedy, trial, trials and tribulations, tribulation, tribulations, troubles, try, verification, visitationORDEAL. An ancient superstitious mode of tribal. When in a criminal case the accused was arraigned, be might select the mode of trial either by God and his country, that is, by jury; or by God only, that is by ordeal. 2. The trial by ordeal was either by fire or by water. Those who were tried by the former passed barefooted and blindfolded over nine hot glowing ploughshares; or were to carry burning irons in their hands; and accordingly as they escaped or not, they were acquitted or condemned. The water ordeal was performed either in hot or cold water. In cold water, the parties suspected were adjudged innocent, if their bodies were not borne up by the water contrary to the course of nature; and if, after putting their bare arms or legs into scalding water they came out unhurt, they were taken to be innocent of the crime. 3. It was impiously supposed that God would, by the mere contrivance of man, exercise his power in favor of the innocent. 4. Bl. Com. 342; 2 Am. Jur. 280. For a detailed account of the trial by ordeal, see Herb. Antiq. of the Inns of Court, 146.
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